Simulation exercises increase staff confidence, knowledge and skills in managing mass casualty incidents: a pretest-posttest study
Introduction Emergency hospital systems are expected to respond effectively to intentional or accidental mass casualty incidents (MCI). Such incidents are largely unpredictable, and increasing worldwide.1-3 Mitigation of the harms associated with these disasters often requires appropriate high-quality healthcare processes to be enacted rapidly, safely and without duplication or error.4 To prepare clinicians and health systems, effective training and rehearsal using the multi-systems involved in an actual response is necessary. Response frameworks (for example, Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program,5 Disaster